Pan-European atmospheric lead pollution, enhanced blood lead levels, and cognitive decline from Roman-era mining and smelting

Mar 14, 2026

Pan-European atmospheric lead pollution, enhanced blood lead levels, and cognitive decline from Roman-era mining and smelting

McConnell, J. R., Chellman, N. J., Plach, A., Wensman, S. M., Plunkett, G., Stohl, A., Smith, N., Møllesøe Vinther, B., Dahl-Jensen, D., Steffensen, J., Fritzsche, D., Camara-Brugger, S., McDonald, B., Wilson, A. (2025). Pan-European atmospheric lead pollution, enhanced blood lead levels, and cognitive decline from Roman-era mining and smelting, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 122 (3), e2419630121, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 10.1073/pnas.2419630121